Epinephrine

No summary available for this substance.

Epinephrine

Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone and medication which plays a central role in the 'fight or flight' response by increasing blood flow to muscles, dilating pupils, and accelerating heart rate. It is used to treat a number of conditions including: anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, and superficial bleeding.

Category
Hormone/Medication
Molecular Formula
C9H13NO3
Mechanism of Action
Epinephrine works by binding to a variety of adrenergic receptors. It increases cardiac output and raises glucose levels in the blood, providing the body with the energy it needs to respond to stress or threat.
Evidence Grade
A

Other Names

  • Adrenaline
  • Epi
  • Adrenalin

Primary Benefits

  • Treats anaphylaxis
  • Restarts the heart during cardiac arrest
  • Treats superficial bleeding

Recommended Dosage

Adult 0.3 to 0.5 mg intramuscularly or subcutaneously into anterolateral aspect of the thigh every 5 to 15 minutes as needed
Children 0.01 mg/kg intramuscularly or subcutaneously into anterolateral aspect of the thigh every 5 to 15 minutes as needed, not to exceed 0.3 mg per dose

Side Effects

  • Nervousness
  • Headache
  • Increased heart rate
  • Palpitations
  • Sweating

Precautions

  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Pregnancy
  • Heart diseases
  • Diabetes

Interactions

  • Beta blockers
  • Tricyclic antidepressants
  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Key References

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482223/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3664299/
Dr. Martin Gibala: The Science of Vigorous Exercise — From VO2 Max to Time Efficiency of HIIT
Epinephrine 36:59 0
“So the catecholamines, norepinephrine, epinephrine, they're involved. And so norepinephrine is an important hormone that will signal adipose tissue to start to break down triglyceride and release those fatty acids into the bloodstream.”

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Female-Specific Exercise & Nutrition for Health, Performance & Longevity | Dr. Stacy Sims
Optimizing Women's Wellness Through Nutrition, Exercise, and Hormone Health 1:34:55 0
“the long long lasting increases in the so-called catac colines dopamine or epinephrine and epinephrine to me are pretty impressive”

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How to Use Exercise to Improve Your Brain’s Health, Longevity & Performance
Enhance Brain Function Through Exercise: Immediate and Long-Term Benefits 39:34 0
“now when we exercise we release adrenaline which is also called epinephrine from our adrenal glands which are small glands that reside at top both of our kidneys”

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How to Use Exercise to Improve Your Brain’s Health, Longevity & Performance
Enhance Brain Function Through Exercise: Immediate and Long-Term Benefits 50:32 0
“if you want energy from exercise you want Focus you need the deployment of the neurochemicals that we've been discussing most notably epinephrine and norepinephrine”

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Wim Hof (the Iceman) on Defeating Extreme Cold & Attenuating the Immune Response
Enhancing Health Through Natural Methods and Breathing Techniques Benefits 46:31 0
“Norepinephrine is increased by the cold, and it suppresses the cytokine production, but the epinephrine from the breathing does it even more robust.”

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Use of Sauna and Cold to Increase Net Resilience, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Mood and Longevity
Enhancing Health, Resilience, and Longevity Through Stress Management Activities 36:34 0
“changing doing hyperventilation and things that can cause a slight hypoxia have been shown to affect epinephrine release also norepinephrine.”

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Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline | Huberman Lab Essentials
Optimize Energy and Immunity Naturally with Hormone Regulation Practices 1:11 0
“the two hormones that dominate those processes of having enough energy and having a healthy immune system are cortisol and epinephrine”

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Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline | Huberman Lab Essentials
Optimize Energy and Immunity Naturally with Hormone Regulation Practices 2:48 0
“epinephrine or adrenaline has also been demonized a bit we think of it as this stress hormone this thing that makes us anxious fight or flight”

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Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline | Huberman Lab Essentials
Optimize Energy and Immunity Naturally with Hormone Regulation Practices 7:50 0
“life enters the picture and provides you stressors those will cause increases in cortisol and epinephrine the key is these blips in cortisol and epinephrine need to be brief you can't have them so often or lasting so long that you are in a state of chronic cortisol elevation or chronic epinephrine elevation”

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Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline | Huberman Lab Essentials
Optimize Energy and Immunity Naturally with Hormone Regulation Practices 12:20 0
“you can sort of reframe it but it's not really cognitive reframing the cognitive part is the trigger but the it's a chemical substance that's actually occurring there it's dopamine giving you more epinephrine a bigger amplitude epinephrine release and it gives you some sense of control”

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Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline | Huberman Lab Essentials
Optimize Energy and Immunity Naturally with Hormone Regulation Practices 18:54 0
“Brief bouts of stress which now you should be thinking about in terms of cortisol and epinephrine release were actually able to increase immune system function. The duration here is really important because if stress stayed too high for too long then yes indeed stress can hinder the immune response but for a period of about 1 to 4 days it actually can protect you by way of increasing the immune response.”

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Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline | Huberman Lab Essentials
Optimize Energy and Immunity Naturally with Hormone Regulation Practices 27:00 0
“meal timing meal schedules has a profound effect on energy levels and as I mentioned before the energy I'm referring to is not glucose energy but neural energy, epinephrine and cortisol.”

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Boost Your Energy & Immune System with Cortisol & Adrenaline | Huberman Lab Essentials
Optimize Energy and Immunity Naturally with Hormone Regulation Practices 30:25 0
“increase energy and the immune system by way of cortisol and adrenaline epinephrine”

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Longevity Supplements, Predatory Experts & Continuous Glucose Monitors | Dr. Eric Topol
Exploring Aging, Genetics, Disease Prevention, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Factors 52:54 0
“I asked for his EpiPen. He didn't have one. I asked uh the flight attendant for their kit. There wasn't one there, but I did see epinephrine for the cardiac ACLS kit.”

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The vagus nerve is changing medicine: Kevin Tracey, M.D.
The transformative impact of the vagus nerve in medicine 38:41 0
“The first things that happens if you do a a true cold plunge which would be jumping in cold water or turning the cold shower the shower onto full cold even after a hot shower that that first response to to to significant cold is fight or flight. There's a massive surge of adrenaline of norepinephrine and epinephrine in your body which which of course causes your heart to race.”

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