glp1 Agonists

GLP-1 Agonists

GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1) agonists, also known as incretin mimetics, are a type of medication used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. They mimic the function of the GLP-1 hormone in the body, which aids the pancreas in producing insulin in response to elevated levels of glucose in the blood.

Category

Pharmaceutical

Molecular Formula

Varies by specific agent

Mechanism of Action

GLP-1 agonists work by binding to the GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas, enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon release, slowing gastric emptying, and promoting satiety.

Evidence Grade

A

Other Names

• Incretin mimetics
• GLP-1 receptor agonists

Primary Benefits

• Improved control of blood glucose levels
• Weight loss
• Reduced risk of cardiovascular events

Recommended Dosage

Side Effects

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Hypoglycemia

Precautions

• Not recommended for individuals with a history of pancreatitis
• Caution in patients with renal impairment
• Consider other antidiabetic therapies in patients with a history of gastroparesis

Interactions

• May interact with other antidiabetic drugs
• May alter absorption of orally administered drugs due to slowing gastric emptying

Key References

• Drucker, D. J. (2018). Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application of Glucagon-like Peptide-1. Cell Metabolism, 27(4), 740–756.
• Nauck, M. A. (2016). Incretin therapies: highlighting common features and differences in the modes of action of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 18(3), 203–216.