Modafinil
Modafinil is a wakefulness-promoting agent used for the treatment of disorders such as narcolepsy, shift work sleep disorder, and excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea. It is thought to work by altering the natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain.
- Category
- Nootropic
- Molecular Formula
- C15H15NO2S
- Mechanism of Action
- Modafinil's exact mechanism is unclear, though it appears to inhibit dopamine reuptake, leading to an increase in extracellular dopamine. Modafinil is also known to enhance other neurotransmitters in the brain including serotonin, noradrenaline, and histamine.
- Evidence Grade
- A
Other Names
Primary Benefits
- Promotion of wakefulness
- Improved focus and concentration
- Enhanced cognitive function
- Decreased fatigue
Recommended Dosage
| Amount |
200 mg |
| Frequency |
Once daily in the morning |
Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Nervousness
- Dizziness
- Difficulty sleeping
Precautions
- Avoid if allergic to modafinil
- Caution in patients with heart problems
- Caution in patients with history of mental health disorders
Interactions
- Oral contraceptives
- CYP2C19 inhibitors such as omeprazole
- CYP3A4/5 substrates like midazolam
Key References
- 'Modafinil for cognitive neuroenhancement in healthy non-sleep-deprived subjects: A systematic review', European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015
- 'A systematic review of modafinil: Potential clinical uses and mechanisms of action', Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2006
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