NSAIDs
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a drug class that reduce pain, decrease fever, prevent blood clots and, in higher doses, decrease inflammation. They are widely used to relieve symptoms of various diseases including headaches, arthritis, and other musculoskeletal conditions.
- Category
- Medication
- Molecular Formula
- Varies
- Mechanism of Action
- NSAIDs work by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) which are involved in the production of prostaglandins that promote inflammation, pain, and fever.
- Evidence Grade
- A
Other Names
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines
Primary Benefits
- Pain relief
- Reduction of inflammation
- Fever reduction
Recommended Dosage
| Adults |
Varies depending on the specific NSAID and condition being treated |
| Children |
Dose is based on body weight and specific NSAID |
Side Effects
- Stomach pain
- Heartburn
- Stomach ulcers
- Increased bleeding risk
- Liver or kidney problems
Precautions
- Avoid if allergic to NSAIDs
- Caution in individuals with kidney, heart, or liver disease
- Caution in individuals with a history of ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding
Interactions
- Anticoagulant drugs
- Other NSAIDs
- Corticosteroids
- Certain blood pressure medications
Key References
- NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. American College of Rheumatology.
- NSAIDs. MedlinePlus
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) toxicity in dogs and cats. Merck Veterinary Manual.
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