SGLT2 inhibitors

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SGLT2 inhibitors

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of prescription medications that are FDA-approved for use with diet and exercise to lower blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes. SGLT2 inhibitors work by preventing the kidney from reabsorbing glucose back into the blood. This leads to excretion of excess glucose in urine and a reduction of blood glucose levels.

Category
Prescription medication
Molecular Formula
Varies by specific drug
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits the sodium-glucose transport proteins (specifically SGLT2) to reduce reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, leading to excretion of glucose in urine.
Evidence Grade
A

Other Names

  • Gliflozins
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors

Primary Benefits

  • Lowers blood glucose levels
  • Reduces risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes
  • Promotes weight loss

Recommended Dosage

Type Depends on the specific drug
Amount Varies
Frequency Usually once daily

Side Effects

  • Urinary tract infections
  • Yeast infections
  • Increased urination
  • Hypotension

Precautions

  • Not for people with type 1 diabetes or for treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Not recommended for patients with severe kidney disease

Interactions

  • May interact with Diuretics
  • May interact with Insulin or other antidiabetic drugs

Key References

  • FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA revises labels of SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes to include warnings about too much acid in the blood and serious urinary tract infections
  • Efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
171- Longevity science: caloric restriction studies, aging biomarkers & possible longevity molecules
Exploring Genetics, Environment, Nutrition, Hormones, and Health for Longevity 2:29:46 0
“although the human data on the sglt2 inhibitors is also remarkable and i think that's the sort of that's the theme here right is you have a great itp outcome and of course the human data are not for longevity but they're right again they suffer the the limitations of all human studies namely that they're being used in a subset of the population that might not be the subset of interest but you know the impact on kidney failure all-cause mortality heart failure is pretty impressive”

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Dr. Greg Fahy: Thymus Regeneration & Boosting The Immune System For Longevity
Boosting Immune System and Thymus Regeneration for Longevity Insights 17:54 0
“UK biobank people taking sglt2 Inhibitors seem to have lower all cause mortality so there may be a better case for a longevity effect”

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