Tobacco
Tobacco is a plant product containing mainly nicotine, cellulose, ammonia, and protein. Nicotine is a highly addictive psychoactive chemical. When tobacco is smoked, nicotine is absorbed through the wall lining of the small air sacs in the lungs. When sniffed or chewed, it is absorbed through the mucous membranes of the nose or mouth. Nicotine can also be absorbed through the skin.
- Category
- Plant
- Molecular Formula
- C10H14N2
- Mechanism of Action
- Nicotine, the main active component of tobacco, binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain. This binding leads to an increase in the levels of several neurotransmitters - most importantly dopamine, which is associated with pleasure and reward pathways.
- Evidence Grade
- A
Other Names
- Nicotiana tabacum
- Nicotiana rustica
Primary Benefits
- Temporary mood elevation
- Temporary increase in alertness and cognitive performance
Recommended Dosage
| Form |
Inhalation, oral, transdermal |
| Amount |
Varies depending on form and individual tolerance |
Side Effects
- Increased heart rate
- Increased blood pressure
- Nausea
- Dehydration
- Dependence
- Increased risk of cancer
- Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
Precautions
- Not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women
- Not recommended for those with heart disease
- Not recommended for those with respiratory conditions
- Can lead to addiction
Interactions
- Alcohol can increase the effects of nicotine
- May decrease the effects of sedatives and pain relievers
Key References
- https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/effects_cig_smoking/index.htm
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