Vitamin B2
Vitamin B2, also known as Riboflavin, is a vitamin that plays a key role in energy metabolism and the metabolism of fats, ketone bodies, carbohydrates, and proteins. It is an essential component of the cofactors FAD and FMN and is therefore required by all flavoproteins. As such, vitamin B2 is required for a wide variety of cellular processes. It also functions as an antioxidant by scavenging free radicals.
- Category
- Vitamin
- Molecular Formula
- C17H20N4O6
- Mechanism of Action
- Vitamin B2 works as a coenzyme for oxidation-reduction reactions across numerous cell processes, including energy production and the metabolism of drugs and toxins. It is a precursor to coenzymes flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
- Evidence Grade
- A
Other Names
- Riboflavin
- Lactoflavin
- Vitamin G
Primary Benefits
- Helps in energy production
- Supports cellular function
- Helps in maintaining skin health
- Aids in red blood cell production
- Promotes eye health
Recommended Dosage
| Adults |
1.3 mg per day for men, 1.1 mg per day for women |
| Children |
Depends on age, ranging from 0.3 to 1.3 mg per day |
| Pregnant Women |
1.4 mg per day |
| Breastfeeding Women |
1.6 mg per day |
Side Effects
- Excessive intake may lead to itching
- Numbness
- Burning sensation
- Yellow-orange discoloration of the urine
Precautions
- People with kidney disease or certain cancers may need to take a riboflavin supplement, but under medical supervision
- Not recommended to take more than the daily recommended amounts of riboflavin as a supplement
Interactions
- Antidepressants
- Probenecid
- Thiazide diuretics
- Doxorubicin
- Antipsychotics
Key References
- Powers, H.J. (2003). Riboflavin (vitamin B-2) and health. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 77(6), 1352-1360.
- Mason, P., & Matthews, N. (1999). Riboflavin—a review. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 20(3), 293-298.
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