vitamins

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Vitamins

Vitamins are a group of organic substances that are essential for normal metabolic functions. These compounds are not synthesized in the body and therefore must be obtained through the diet. Different vitamins have unique roles in the body, including bolstering the immune system, promoting cell growth and development, and aiding in various metabolic processes.

Category
Nutritional Supplement
Molecular Formula
Varies
Mechanism of Action
Vitamins act as co-enzymes and co-factors for many biological reactions in the body. They assist in energy production, DNA replication, protein synthesis, and antioxidant functions.
Evidence Grade
A

Other Names

  • Micronutrients

Primary Benefits

  • Supports immune system health
  • Promotes healthy skin and eyes
  • Assists in energy metabolism
  • Aids in bone health
  • Helps in blood clotting

Recommended Dosage

Adult Male Varies by specific vitamin
Adult Female Varies by specific vitamin
Children Varies by specific vitamin

Side Effects

  • Nausea
  • Stomach cramps
  • Diarrhea
  • Hair loss
  • Nerve damage
  • Toxicity in high doses

Precautions

  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare provider
  • People with certain medical conditions or on certain medications may need to avoid some vitamins

Interactions

  • Certain vitamins may interact with certain medications
  • Alcohol may interfere with vitamin absorption

Key References

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56068/
  • https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/list-VitaminsMinerals/
How to Optimize Female Hormone Health for Vitality & Longevity | Dr. Sara Gottfried
Optimizing Women's Health: Hormones, Nutrition, Exercise, and Genetics Insights 38:06 0
“I'm also looking at some of the key vitamins, especially the B vitamin range because as you probably know if you've got particular genetic polymorphisms you might be less likely to be absorbing the right level of vitamin B9 folate, vitamin B12, etc.”

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Journal Club with Dr. Peter Attia | Metformin for Longevity & The Power of Belief Effects
Exploring Metformin's Potential for Longevity and Anti-Aging Benefits 36:31 0
“I try to get enough servings of vitamins and minerals through whole food sources that include vegetables and fruits every day but oftentimes I simply can't get enough servings but with ag1 I'm sure to get enough vitamins and minerals and the probiotics that I need”

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Peptide & Hormone Therapies for Health, Performance & Longevity | Dr. Craig Koniver
Exploring Peptides, Hormones, and Therapies for Health and Wellness 2:00 0
“As well as things like NAD as well as specific supplements Dr. Conover is not a huge proponent of supplements but he does mention several that he feels are of particular use including things like co-enzyme Q10 and some of the methylated B vitamins.”

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Peptide & Hormone Therapies for Health, Performance & Longevity | Dr. Craig Koniver
Exploring Peptides, Hormones, and Therapies for Health and Wellness 38:50 0
“even though I strive to eat most of my foods from Whole Foods and minimally processed foods it's very difficult for me to get enough fruits vegetables vitamins and minerals micronutrients and adaptogens from food alone”

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Peptide & Hormone Therapies for Health, Performance & Longevity | Dr. Craig Koniver
Exploring Peptides, Hormones, and Therapies for Health and Wellness 1:22:56 0
“the best way to lower that number is taking ample methylated B vitamins”

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Gordon Lithgow, Ph.D. on Protein Aggregation, Iron Overload & the Search for Longevity Compounds
Investigating mechanisms for extending healthspan and preventing age-related degeneration. 0:10 0
“various compounds, both natural compounds like vitamins and minerals and other compounds to see if they potentially could be longevity compounds.”

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Exercise, Heat, Cold & Other Stressors for Longevity | Lifespan with Dr. David Sinclair #3
The Impact of Nutrition, Exercise, and Health Monitoring on Longevity 2:16 0
“Typically if people are taking multivitamin with high levels of iron, this could be a really bad thing. It'll accumulate in tissues.”

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NMN, NR, Resveratrol, Metformin & Other Longevity Molecules | Lifespan with Dr. David Sinclair #4
Exploring Longevity Molecules and Health Benefits for Lifespan Extension 3:58 0
“Athletic Greens is a greens powder developed from a complex blend of 75 vitamins, minerals, and whole foods sourced ingredients. It's filled with adaptogens for calvary, probiotics and digestive enzymes for gut health.”

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Bruce Ames on Triage Theory, Longevity Vitamins & Micronutrients
Understanding Nutritional Essentials for Optimal Health and Longevity 5:31 0
“Vitamins, most of them, are co-enzymes for some enzyme in metabolism that's doing some work. And one pathway that folic acid is involved with is putting one-carbon units into DNA and into RNA.”

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Bruce Ames on Triage Theory, Longevity Vitamins & Micronutrients
Understanding Nutritional Essentials for Optimal Health and Longevity 8:49 0
“You need 30 different substances to run your metabolism. They're co-factors for enzymes mostly, and if you don't get any one, you die.”

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Bruce Ames on Triage Theory, Longevity Vitamins & Micronutrients
Understanding Nutritional Essentials for Optimal Health and Longevity 40:41 0
“I know I was recently looking at my multivitamin, and I saw that for vitamin A, which, as you mentioned, beta carotene is a carotenoid that can be converted into vitamin A, that, you know, the vitamin A source was beta carotene.”

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Rhonda Patrick at Orthomolecular Medicine Congress in Bussum, Netherlands (Keynote Oct. 3rd, 2015)
Optimizing Health Through Micronutrients: Key Role in Disease Prevention 8:52 0
“the obesogenic diet as I like to call it consists of a diet that is heavily processed foods, foods that are in packages that are in boxes very little micronutrients very little vitamins and minerals and a lot of refined sugars.”

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Leading Cardiologist: Your Doctor Is WRONG About Cholesterol | Dr. William Davis
Challenging Health Myths: Nutrition, Heart Health, and Gut Microbiome Insights 1:27:34 0
“modern people have disrupted their gastrointestinal microbiome. Well, do microbes produce vitamins? They do.”

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Gary Brecka: The TRUTH About Biohacking, Light Therapy, and Nutrients
Optimizing Health: Lifestyle, Nutrition, Sleep, Exercise, and Social Connections 24:44 0
“things like mineral salts um um amino acids um nutrients that you would find in nutrient-dense soils you know you wouldn't believe the physiologic impact you can have on people just by putting them on a complex of B vitamins vitamin B12 some methylfolate um which are which are basic core nutrients required for the process of methylation and when they're deficient they become like they Hub the wheel they they they have all of these Spokes and people think that they have an autoimmune disease and they have a mental illness and they have a weight gain issue and they have sleep disruption and they have anxiety or they have ADD or ADHD and the truth is they very often have nutrient deficiencies”

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Gary Brecka: The TRUTH About Biohacking, Light Therapy, and Nutrients
Optimizing Health: Lifestyle, Nutrition, Sleep, Exercise, and Social Connections 1:12:15 0
“vitamins which is very important for these Pathways like vitamin D, iron, zinc I mean it's just it's staggering how these are so common and they're affecting so much of our biology that makes us eventually have what Robert Heeney who was an incredible vitamin D scientist called long latency deficiency diseases.”

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Gary Brecka: The TRUTH About Biohacking, Light Therapy, and Nutrients
Optimizing Health: Lifestyle, Nutrition, Sleep, Exercise, and Social Connections 1:17:53 0
“I also take a methylated multivitamin and the reason why I say methylated multivitamin is because it's the vitamins in their already methylated form so instead of taking folic acid which 44% of the population can't even process um and is contrary to popular belief not a natural nutrient we make it in a laboratory it doesn't exist anywhere on the surface of the Earth you can't find folic acid anywhere naturally in nature um it doesn't exist folate exists naturally in nature um but folate and folic acid follow the exact same um physiologic pathway there are about 10 enzymatic reductions that need to happen before um that folic acid or folate can be converted by the gene MTHFR into the active form called methylfolate.”

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What Is A Compounding Pharmacy? The Secret to Beating Illness & Hormone Imbalances | Shaun Noorian
Understanding Hormone Imbalances and Medication Applications for Optimal Health 52:45 0
“we're starting to find out that natural vitamins minerals amino acids they are you know the best form of medicine in a lot of cases and by giving patients this medicine that they are typically lacking in their diet”

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Dr. Jessica Peatross: Detoxing From Environmental Mold, Lyme Disease, and Parasites | TUH #157
Understanding Health, Nutrition, and Environmental Toxins for Holistic Wellness 0:09 0
“You can't take somebody who's in toxic environment and then just overload them with every supplement and vitamin and mineral and amino acid.”

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Dr. Jessica Peatross: Detoxing From Environmental Mold, Lyme Disease, and Parasites | TUH #157
Understanding Health, Nutrition, and Environmental Toxins for Holistic Wellness 45:22 0
“It's a big red blood cell and it's because I didn't have B vitamins which are needed to make red blood cells and have correct production of them.”

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Dr. Jessica Peatross: Detoxing From Environmental Mold, Lyme Disease, and Parasites | TUH #157
Understanding Health, Nutrition, and Environmental Toxins for Holistic Wellness 47:02 0
“I decide what kind of type of B vitamin they need because I do the same thing. That's so good. Not everyone can handle methylated B vitamins.”

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Courtney Swan: Why Your ‘Healthy’ Food Is Actually Harmful | TUH #171
Understanding Dietary Misconceptions, Health Implications, and Consumer Empowerment 17:15 0
“Masa chips are crafted with grass-fed beef tallow, one of the healthiest fats on the planet. These chips are packed with essential vitamins like vitamin A, D, E, and vitamin K2.”

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Courtney Swan: Why Your ‘Healthy’ Food Is Actually Harmful | TUH #171
Understanding Dietary Misconceptions, Health Implications, and Consumer Empowerment 27:53 0
“our food is losing you know it's devoid of vitamins minerals and nutrients.”

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Courtney Swan: Why Your ‘Healthy’ Food Is Actually Harmful | TUH #171
Understanding Dietary Misconceptions, Health Implications, and Consumer Empowerment 44:21 0
“When we're actually creating neurotransmitters which form the basis of our mood that process needs raw materials vitamins which used to be prevalent in our food supply and they used to be prevalent in our fruits and our vegetables and now it's just so depleted.”

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Courtney Swan: Why Your ‘Healthy’ Food Is Actually Harmful | TUH #171
Understanding Dietary Misconceptions, Health Implications, and Consumer Empowerment 45:34 0
“There's been a lot of studies and testing done and they find time and time again that conventional crops I you think that the organic food is lower and devoid of nutrients and minerals and vitamins. The conventionally grown has like nothing left right so at least with organic it's higher in the vitamin minerals content mineral content and it's still a lot lower than generations before but at least in organic it has higher amounts than the conventional does.”

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The Root Cause of Metabolic Dysfunction w/ Dr. Casey Means
Understanding Metabolic Health: Risks, Dysfunction, and Dietary Recommendations 1:08:32 0
“a tablespoon of refined sugar that has no polyphenols, no antioxidants, no micronutrients, no vitamins and minerals, no fiber, nothing; it's just a straight up it's a drug that's what it is”

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The Shady Reality of the $Billion Supplement Industry | The Dr. Hyman Show
Understanding Supplement Quality, Nutrition Myths, and Modern Health Realities 0:25 0
“I was trained that vitamins make expensive urine. Don't waste your money. If that logic was true, you shouldn't drink water because you pee out.”

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The Shady Reality of the $Billion Supplement Industry | The Dr. Hyman Show
Understanding Supplement Quality, Nutrition Myths, and Modern Health Realities 7:34 0
“You know, there's a big fallacy in that. First of all, if that logic was true, you shouldn't drink water because you pee out what you don't need. Your body takes what you need. So if you drink an excess amount of water, your body will just get rid of it, right? And that's the way it is for most vitamins, not the fats soluble vitamins. You have to be careful, but but it's u, you know, it's crazy because you have 37 billion chemical reactions in your body every second.”

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The Shady Reality of the $Billion Supplement Industry | The Dr. Hyman Show
Understanding Supplement Quality, Nutrition Myths, and Modern Health Realities 7:55 0
“And every single one of those chemical reactions requires a co-actor or helper and those those are facilitated by enzymes. The enzymes need various nutrients to activate that pathway so that one molecule can become another molecule, which is how your body works. And those co-actors are vitamins and minerals.”

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The Shady Reality of the $Billion Supplement Industry | The Dr. Hyman Show
Understanding Supplement Quality, Nutrition Myths, and Modern Health Realities 38:24 0
“We check your magnesium level. We check your level of B vitamins like homocysteine and methylmalonic acid which measure B12, folate, B6 effectiveness. We measure omega-3s. We measure vitamin D. We can measure zinc. We can measure copper. We can measure iodine.”

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The Shady Reality of the $Billion Supplement Industry | The Dr. Hyman Show
Understanding Supplement Quality, Nutrition Myths, and Modern Health Realities 42:17 0
“in the fats soluble vitamins like AD, D, E, K, you know, should be taken with a meal to help improve absorption and it can impact it by up to 50%. With fatty foods, fatty foods particularly, right?”

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The Shady Reality of the $Billion Supplement Industry | The Dr. Hyman Show
Understanding Supplement Quality, Nutrition Myths, and Modern Health Realities 47:47 0
“unless it's a prescription vitamin and there are a lot of prescription vitamins, a lot of prescription vitamins, you know.”

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This Food Reversed My Immune Age by 47% in 90 Days
Enhancing Health Through Lifestyle, Diet, and Environmental Choices 10:36 0
“you just unpacked why we have so much chronic disease it's our crappy diet which is full of processed foods limited amounts of variety of foods lack of protective nutrients lack of nutrients and vitamins minerals an overload of environmental toxins and chemicals from petrochemical toxins from u heavy metal toxins from all the things we're exposed to the stress we have the sleep disruption this lack of sort of regulation of our circadian rhythm the lack of connection socially and so many things that are impacting us”

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How To REVERSE YOUR AGE In 40 Days With WATER FASTING | Dr. Alan Goldhamer
Optimize health and reverse aging with fasting and nutrition tips 43:46 0
“if you ate just 2,000 calories we'll just assume for a second that you were the average guy weren't working out didn't use your brain that much and you only needed 2,000 calories a day just which is the RDA average... if you ate two thousand calories of just say brown rice and broccoli that was it, your entire diet, you would get all the vitamins minerals, protein essential amino acids you get about 80 grams of protein out of that.”

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How to Improve Your Eye Health & Offset Vision Loss | Dr. Jeffrey Goldberg
Enhancing Eye Health Through Lifestyle Choices and Preventative Measures 2:30:36 0
“eat healthy have a multivitamin uh get some exercise all those things that are good for your cardiovascular system are going to be good for your eyes in general and in particular if you have glaucoma”

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How to Improve Your Eye Health & Offset Vision Loss | Dr. Jeffrey Goldberg
Enhancing Eye Health Through Lifestyle Choices and Preventative Measures 2:50:01 0
“There have been two age related eye disease studies called AIDS (Age Related Eye Disease Studies) - ARIDS and ARIDS 2. These studies were large randomized trials of giving patients supplements and in ARIDS it was Vitamin C and E, higher dose than would just come in a multivitamin, zinc and copper, and also beta carotene.”

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Let Food Be Thy Medicine: EAT THIS To Heal The Body & STARVE CANCER! | Dr. William Li
Food as medicine to prevent disease and promote health naturally 2:41 0
“kiwi is packed with vitamins and antioxidants and it's been shown that eating just one kiwi a day can actually protect your cause your blood to be fortified to neutralize about 60 of the incoming damage from dna and if you eat three kiwis a day, it will help your dna build itself back up so that damaged dna will be repaired.”

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These Daily Habits Are Destroying Your Brain, Body & Life! (But You Can Reverse Them)
The Impact of Routine Practices on Brain, Body, and Lifestyle 48:33 0
“It turns out, you know, we know that what's in food, right, is protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. And that's true. But that's not all that's in there.”

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The Cancer Expert: “This Common Food Is Making Cancer Worse!”
Cancer Prevention Through Lifestyle Changes and Metabolic Health Strategies 1:18:38 0
“George Cahill would fast some of these 78:38 obese people for for 250 300 days what 78:41 happens inside their body with with 78:43 they're burning fat so what happens is 78:45 you burn fat okay liver stores a lot of 78:47 of um bone store the minerals that you 78:50 can get minerals from your bones you can 78:51 get a lot of fat storage um vitamins are 78:55 stored in fat”

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Exercise & Nutrition Scientist: The Truth About Exercise On Your Period! Take These 4 Supplements!
Optimizing Women's Health and Performance Through Physiological Understanding 53:41 0
“the ketogenic diet and the high fat intake that comes with it significantly decreases that gut microbiome diversity which reduces the body's ability to synthesize vitamins to produce serotonin to have this conversation between the gut and the Brain”

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The Nutritional Scientist: Do Not Eat After 9pm! Link Between Chewing & Belly Fat!
Proper Eating Habits for Weight Loss and Healthy Digestion Tips 5:16 0
“food contains nutrients that people are very familiar with like protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrate... food also contains thousands of other chemicals many of these we call bioactives that you have heard of like polyphenols, vitamins, minerals, etc.”

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How Does Stress Affect Aging: Science-Backed Guide for Longevity | Dr Sharon Bergquist | EP #365
Optimizing Stress for Health: Benefits, Risks, and Practical Recommendations 24:34 0
“if the stressor is intermittent fasting or timerestricted eating the recovery would be a nutrientdense meal plan during the eating window that has adequate protein, fiber and minerals and vitamins.”

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Biomarkers For Slowing Eye Aging, Featuring ‪Joseph J. Allen
Optimize Eye Health: Insights on Aging and Preventative Measures 36:31 0
“I've seen you making videos so many videos I vitamins and you know lutein zanthin and fishial all of these things have been staples in my diet and I'm not talking about small components I'm eating you know 80 grams of sardines every day for years you know 300 grams of collard greens so I've got plenty of lutein and zeazanthin I mean I've got vitamin Mega do.”

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These FOODS & HABITS Boost Brain Health & REDUCE INFLAMMATION | Mark Hyman
Boost Brain Health with Anti-Inflammatory Foods and Healthy Habits 51:09 0
“there's a whole cocktail of mitochondrial supplements lipoic acid b vitamins niacin riboflavin that are so critical to making energy”

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How Different Diets Impact Your Health | Dr. Christopher Gardner
Influence of Diets on Health: Insights, Challenges, and Recommendations 1:17:02 0
“If you had less meat, better quality meat, you might be spending the same amount, but then you could also have more fiber for your microbiome, more other vitamins and minerals, less saturated fat, less hormone, less antibiotics.”

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Glucose Goddess: The 10 Glucose Hacks!
Optimize Energy Levels: Simple Strategies for Stable Blood Sugar 1:24:47 0
“there's a molecule in lemon look at me look at you st who would have thought who would have thought look at us there you go the glucose goddess himself drinking vinegar in this hand anti- Spike formula in this hand we're going to live forever you're going to live forever we're going to live forever I really want to live until like 150 mostly because I want to see if they find aliens anyway that's a sidebar so do you know what me I just did that did you recognize it where that that guy guys I think it's hot ones and I like look at us look at us look at us who thought you're you're perfect Stephen I'm so proud of you wait wait so I want to tell you this because it's really cool so you know lemons they're really yellow yeah okay so the reason they're yellow is because of the substance called aroc citrin it's an antioxidant it's really good aroc citrine has been discovered by scientists to be really good at increasing the amount of gp1 your little L cells make so on the one hand you have like extreme Pharma drugs giving…”

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Dr. Peter Attia: Improve Vitality, Emotional & Physical Health & Lifespan | Huberman Lab Podcast
Improving Healthspan Through Lifestyle Choices and Preventive Health Measures 2:20:35 0
“there's tons of supplements that I think about when it comes to brain health you know what about thumin what about magnesium with L3 and8 the transporter um what about methylated vitamins that lower homocysteine what about EPA and DHA.”

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Dr. Peter Attia: Supplements for Longevity & Their Efficacy
Supplements, Lifestyle, and Strategies for Longevity and Optimal Health 30:53 0
“there is so much conflicting information out there nowadays about what proper new nutrition is but here's what there seems to be a general consensus on whether you're an omnivore a carnivore a vegetarian or a vegan I think it's generally agreed that you should get most of your food from unprocessed or minimally processed sources which allows you to eat enough but not overeat get plenty of vitamins and minerals probiotics and micronutrients that we all need for physical and mental health”

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How to Exercise & Eat for Optimal Health & Longevity | Dr. Gabrielle Lyon
Optimizing Health and Longevity Through Nutrition, Exercise, and Supplements 2:32:38 0
“proton pump inhibitors people use that for stomach acid or reflux that can affect absorption of vitamins and minerals that do have long-lasting effects.”

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Dr. Rhonda Patrick: Micronutrients for Health & Longevity | Huberman Lab Podcast #70
Optimizing Health and Longevity Through Nutrients and Lifestyle Choices 1:05 0
“She then went on to do postdoctoral training with Dr. Bruce Ames, investigating the effects of micronutrients, meaning vitamins and minerals, and how they affect metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage, and the aging process.”

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Dr. Rhonda Patrick: Micronutrients for Health & Longevity | Huberman Lab Podcast #70
Optimizing Health and Longevity Through Nutrients and Lifestyle Choices 6:10 0
“With Athletic Greens, I get the vitamins I need, the minerals I need, and the probiotics to support my microbiome.”

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The Most Important Daily Habits For Health & Longevity – Dr Rhonda Patrick (4K)
Essential Omega-3 for Health, Longevity, and Disease Prevention Strategies 42:12 0
“you want to get B vitamins again fet is a B vitamin but getting getting U B vitamins zinc um also you want to get iron these are also important micronutrients you know minerals that's where you get the meat right so red meat for the iron and protein B vitamins it's got zinc um as well poultry is another option right so these are good sources of um protein and other micronutrients that you're not going to get as much from Plants”

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The Most Important Daily Habits For Health & Longevity – Dr Rhonda Patrick (4K)
Essential Omega-3 for Health, Longevity, and Disease Prevention Strategies 52:47 0
“just giving them a multivitamin improved cognition and it slowed brain aging which was estimated to slow brain aging by about 2 years”

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World’s #1 Longevity Expert: How To Live Longer in 4 Simple Steps
Optimal Health: Key Pillars for Longevity and Well-being Essentials 1:33:48 0
“I'm not opposed to supplementation I just think it has to be very targeted and very thoughtful and if I can't answer those questions that I laid out then I don't it doesn't make sense.”

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Dr. David Sinclair: The Biology of Slowing & Reversing Aging
Strategies to Slow Aging and Optimize Health for Longevity 1:27:10 0
“I would eat steak all the time if I could. I did when I was a kid, I'm an Australian. But plants have two benefits. One is that they're highly nutritious, and they'll give you a lot of the vitamins and nutrients that I need.”

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